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  "events": [ {
    "tStartMs": 10714,
    "dDurationMs": 3128,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "You and nine other individuals \nhave been captured"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 13842,
    "dDurationMs": 3653,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "by super intelligent alien overlords."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 17495,
    "dDurationMs": 3312,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "The aliens think humans look quite tasty,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 20807,
    "dDurationMs": 5326,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "but their civilization forbids eating\nhighly logical and cooperative beings."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 26133,
    "dDurationMs": 3698,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "Unfortunately, they're not sure \nwhether you qualify,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 29831,
    "dDurationMs": 2922,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "so they decide to give you all a test."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 32753,
    "dDurationMs": 1645,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "Through its universal translator,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 34398,
    "dDurationMs": 3564,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "the alien guarding you \ntells you the following:"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 37962,
    "dDurationMs": 5461,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "You will be placed in a single-file line\nfacing forward in size order"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 43423,
    "dDurationMs": 3921,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "so that each of you can see \neveryone lined up ahead of you."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 47344,
    "dDurationMs": 3729,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "You will not be able to look behind you\nor step out of line."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 51073,
    "dDurationMs": 4231,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "Each of you will have either a black\nor a white hat on your head"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 55304,
    "dDurationMs": 1934,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "assigned randomly,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 57238,
    "dDurationMs": 4017,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "and I won't tell you \nhow many of each color there are."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 61255,
    "dDurationMs": 3819,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "When I say to begin, each of you must\nguess the color of your hat"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 65074,
    "dDurationMs": 4400,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "starting with the person in the back\nand moving up the line."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 69474,
    "dDurationMs": 3048,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "And don't even try saying words\nother than black or white"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 72522,
    "dDurationMs": 4465,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "or signaling some other way,\nlike intonation or volume;"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 76987,
    "dDurationMs": 2762,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "you'll all be eaten immediately."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 79749,
    "dDurationMs": 4368,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "If at least nine of you guess correctly,\nyou'll all be spared."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 84117,
    "dDurationMs": 3126,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "You have five minutes to discuss\nand come up with a plan,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 87243,
    "dDurationMs": 4748,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "and then I'll line you up,\nassign your hats, and we'll begin."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 91991,
    "dDurationMs": 4051,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "Can you think of a strategy guaranteed\nto save everyone?"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 96042,
    "dDurationMs": 3095,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "Pause the video now \nto figure it out for yourself."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 99137,
    "dDurationMs": 1017,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "Answer in: 3"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 100154,
    "dDurationMs": 1092,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "Answer in: 2"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 101246,
    "dDurationMs": 1865,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "Answer in: 1"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 103111,
    "dDurationMs": 2829,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "The key is that the person \nat the back of the line"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 105940,
    "dDurationMs": 4554,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "who can see everyone else's hats\ncan use the words \"black\" or \"white\""
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 110494,
    "dDurationMs": 3378,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "to communicate some coded information."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 113872,
    "dDurationMs": 2668,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "So what meaning can be \nassigned to those words"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 116540,
    "dDurationMs": 4202,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "that will allow everyone else \nto deduce their hat colors?"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 120742,
    "dDurationMs": 3367,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "It can't be the total number\nof black or white hats."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 124109,
    "dDurationMs": 2763,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "There are more than two possible values,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 126872,
    "dDurationMs": 5016,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "but what does have two possible values\nis that number's parity,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 131888,
    "dDurationMs": 3304,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "that is whether it's odd or even."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 135192,
    "dDurationMs": 3816,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "So the solution is to agree\nthat whoever goes first will,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 139008,
    "dDurationMs": 4347,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "for example, say \"black\" if he sees\nan odd number of black hats"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 143355,
    "dDurationMs": 4432,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "and \"white\" if he sees \nan even number of black hats."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 147787,
    "dDurationMs": 4624,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "Let's see how it would play out\nif the hats were distributed like this."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 152411,
    "dDurationMs": 3018,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "The tallest captive sees three black\nhats in front of him,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 155429,
    "dDurationMs": 5205,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "so he says \"black,\" telling everyone else\nhe sees an odd number of black hats."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 160634,
    "dDurationMs": 3372,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "He gets his own hat color wrong,\nbut that's okay"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 164006,
    "dDurationMs": 4280,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "since you're collectively allowed \nto have one wrong answer."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 168286,
    "dDurationMs": 2754,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "Prisoner two also sees an odd\nnumber of black hats,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 171040,
    "dDurationMs": 4211,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "so she knows hers is white,\nand answers correctly."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 175251,
    "dDurationMs": 2793,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "Prisoner three sees \nan even number of black hats,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 178044,
    "dDurationMs": 3212,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "so he knows that his must be \none of the black hats"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 181256,
    "dDurationMs": 2345,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "the first two prisoners saw."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 183601,
    "dDurationMs": 1736,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "Prisoner four hears that and knows"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 185337,
    "dDurationMs": 3241,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "that she should be looking for \nan even number of black hats"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 188578,
    "dDurationMs": 1932,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "since one was behind her."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 190510,
    "dDurationMs": 5655,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "But she only sees one, so she deduces\nthat her hat is also black."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 196165,
    "dDurationMs": 4334,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "Prisoners five through nine are each\nlooking for an odd number of black hats,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 200499,
    "dDurationMs": 4728,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "which they see, so they figure out\nthat their hats are white."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 205227,
    "dDurationMs": 3827,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "Now it all comes down to you\nat the front of the line."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 209054,
    "dDurationMs": 3181,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "If the ninth prisoner saw \nan odd number of black hats,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 212235,
    "dDurationMs": 2791,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "that can only mean one thing."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 215026,
    "dDurationMs": 4372,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "You'll find that this strategy works\nfor any possible arrangement of the hats."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 219398,
    "dDurationMs": 5114,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "The first prisoner has a 50% chance of\ngiving a wrong answer about his own hat,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 224512,
    "dDurationMs": 2309,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "but the parity information he conveys"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 226821,
    "dDurationMs": 5199,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "allows everyone else \nto guess theirs with absolute certainty."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 232020,
    "dDurationMs": 4015,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "Each begins by expecting to see an odd\nor even number of hats"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 236035,
    "dDurationMs": 2031,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "of the specified color."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 238066,
    "dDurationMs": 4436,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "If what they count doesn't match,\nthat means their own hat is that color."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 242502,
    "dDurationMs": 1634,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "And everytime this happens,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 244136,
    "dDurationMs": 4747,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "the next person in line will switch\nthe parity they expect to see."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 248883,
    "dDurationMs": 1741,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "So that's it, you're free to go."
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 250624,
    "dDurationMs": 2408,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "It looks like these aliens \nwill have to go hungry,"
    } ]
  }, {
    "tStartMs": 253032,
    "dDurationMs": 3429,
    "segs": [ {
      "utf8": "or find some less logical \norganisms to abduct."
    } ]
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